Hiring threads need numbers. The framework: hire when the task has a weekly volume that exceeds 8 founder-hours for 6 straight weeks (not a spike, a load). First hire shapes: support-human (if tickets block building), dev (if roadmap blocks revenue), seller (if demos block growth). Never hire the title, hire the load.
Equity: first hires get salary-first plus small options (0.1-0.5%, 4-year vest, 1-year cliff). Co-founder equity (10-50%) is for co-builders with years of risk ahead, not for employee number one. Confusing the two is the classic overpay.
Mistake I see: hiring seniors for junior loads (expensive boredom) and juniors for senior loads (cheap disasters). Match seniority to consequence, not to ambition.